• Subject Name : Management

Program Design and Evaluation

Table of Contents

1.Description, focal problem and underlying causes.

Problem tree and illustration.

Feasibility of the strategy for intervention- evaluation and critical analysis.

4.Logic diagram for the project

Log frame analysis.

Reference list

1. Description, Focal Problem and Underlying Causes

Developing and underdeveloped countries have major problems regarding unequal distribution of wealth and this has specifically been identified in the context of Bangladesh. As per the idea of Ahmad (2015), degradation of the quality of nutrition, health, mental and physical development, education and employment takes place majorly for the developed and under-developed nations. This is also true for Bangladesh. In the provided case study, it has been identified that the majority of the population of Dhaka (the capital city of Bangladesh), are street dwellers and slum dwellers who have very little access to proper health care, education, family planning training. The major issues associated with street dwellers include lack of income and no money to arrange the house, begging, prostitution, drug abuse, living in unsanitised condition, the prevalence of infectious and communicable diseases, lack of proper reproductive and maternal health. The underlying cause for these issues includes unemployment, poor economic resources, lack of education, drug addiction, ignorance towards family planning and gynecological health.

2. Problem Tree and Illustration

It has been identified that lack of financial resources, poverty, hunger and lack of basic need of the street dwellers of Dhaka is the major cause for the development of the formula issue. The focal issue of the project is about lack of access to proper health care, education, degradation of maternal health, poor family planning and unemployment. As per the idea of Sarker et al. (2016), lack of financial strength and education invokes multiple issues which include, criminal activity, prostitution, malnutrition, hunger, lack of shelter and food. All these apply to the street dwellers of Bangladesh (Dhaka). However, the special factor is that due to a poor sense of sanitation and personal hygiene, the transmission of communicable and infectious diseases are associated with it. As per the case study, prevalence of the infectious diseases like bronchopneumonia, diarrhoeal diseases, helminthiasis, scabies and helminthiasis, respiratory infections, whooping cough, infective hepatitis, chickenpox, measles, mumps, conjunctivitis, malaria and more. However, the country has a very low rate of HIV and is about 1.4%. The case study has revealed that in every year about more than 320,000 individuals enter Dhaka as immigrants. The outcome of the central issues associated with street dwellers is also very alarming. As per the idea of Sen & Ali (2017), The lack of basic needs like food, shelter along with malnutrition and lack of education drives a population towards illicit activities and violence. In this case, the same thing has been identified which includes prostitution, drug abuse, physical and sexual assault by local hooligans or an elder male person of the family and even by police and other criminal activities. All these factors have been included and represented in a tree format.

3. Feasibility of The Strategy for Intervention- Evaluation and Critical Analysis

All the factors triggering poor health and unemployment along with the outcome of the same have been mentioned in the previous sections of this paper. The major key issue includes poor health management and unemployment which needs to be sorted with proper initiative.

With the support of local government and public funds, multiple arrangements are needed to be developed for the management of the clinical issues and diseases of street dwellers. As per the idea of Sommer et al. (2020), the organisation of public-private programs for homeless people is nothing new and In New York, such initiatives have been executed with a higher index of success. Hence, from this angle, it can be analysed that for Bangladesh, the participation of the target population will appreciably be achieved and this can be executed. Additionally, the scope of education and employment is needed to be created for the street dwellers to keep them away from illicit activities like unauthorised drug dealing, drug abuse, prostitution, stealing, snatching and more. As per the idea of Gabrielian et al. (2015), rehabilitation programmes for the homeless drug addicts are done under the domain of community health development projects. In the case of Bangladesh, the provision of the same is also there. As per the case study, CARE-Bangladesh, Aparajeyo Bangladesh, MSCS- mobile clinic service, Marie Stopes clinics are widely providing their service in Dhaka. However, this is not being properly used by the street Welles and often they are reluctant about the service. Hence, from this angle, it can be mentioned that the investigation and involvement of the target population should be done with an active communication system. Additionally, INCIDIN and Naz Foundation for male and ICDDR, B and Marie Stopes has established satellite clinics for the female street dwellers and acts in the management of the disease. Hence, the support of this organisation can also be taken to manage this issue. Hence the strategy to manage the focus issues is quite feasible and executable.

4.Logic Diagram for The Project

The strategies of the development of the health aspect and utility of the life and standard of living from the street dwellers of Dhaka, Bangladesh has been identified. As per the idea of Funnell & Rogers (2011), the development of a plan and activities of a project can be done by utilising pipeline logic diagrams. The goal has been identified to upgrade the clinical condition of the stet dwellers and specifically to the female community who are suffering from multiple gynecological health issues and have lacked proper family planning. They even have very less idea regarding sterilisation and safe sex. All these are needed to be managed under a single and integrated health and poverty management project for the street dwellers of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The objectives of this programme are to minimise the burden of communicable and infectious diseases

5. Log Frame Analysis

Developing and underdeveloped countries have major problems regarding unequal distribution of wealth and this has specifically been identified in the context of Bangladesh. As per the idea of Ahmad (2015), degradation of the quality of nutrition, health, mental and physical development, education and employment takes place majorly for the developed and under-developed nations. This is also true for Bangladesh. In the provided case study, it has been identified that the majority of the population. In the previous sections of this paper, all the factors that cause poor health and unemployment along with the outcome of the same were stated. Bad health management and unemployment that need to be sorted with proper initiative are the main key problem. Several arrangements for the management of the clinical problems and diseases of street dwellers need to be established with the help of local government and government funds. In the previous sections of this paper, all the variables causing poor health and unemployment along with the outcome of the same were stated. Bad health management and unemployment that need to be sorted with adequate effort are the main key problem.

Several arrangements for the management of clinical problems and diseases of street dwellers need to be implemented with the help of local government and government funds. The coordination of public-private services for homeless people is nothing new, according to the Sommer et al. (2020) model, and such projects have been introduced in New York with a higher performance index. Therefore, it can be evaluated from this viewpoint that the participation of the target population in Bangladesh would be appreciably accomplished and this can be carried out. The organisation of public-private services for homeless people is nothing new, as per the Sommer et al. (2020) concept, and such projects have been introduced with a higher performance index in New York. Therefore, it can be evaluated from this point of view that the involvement of the target population in Bangladesh would be appreciably accomplished and this can be executed. In terms of unequal distribution of wealth, developing and underdeveloped countries have major problems and this has been established in the sense of Bangladesh. As per the definition of Ahmad (2015), nutrition, health, mental and physical growth, education and jobs quality deterioration occurs primarily for developed and under-developed nations. There are significant problems with the unequal distribution of income in developing and underdeveloped countries, and this has been established in the context of Bangladesh. As per the Ahmad (2015) concept, nutrition, health, mental and physical growth, education and jobs quality degradation occurs primarily for developed and under-developed nations. The creation of a project plan and activities can be achieved using pipeline logic diagrams, as per the Funnell & Rogers (2011) concept. The aim was developed to improve the clinical condition of the stet dwellers and especially the female population who suffer from numerous gynaecological health problems and lack proper family planning. In terms of sterilisation and safe sex, they have far less comprehension. The creation of a project plan and activities can be achieved by using pipeline logic diagrams, as per the concept of Funnell & Rogers (2011). The aim has been developed to improve the clinical condition of the stet dwellers and especially the female population who suffer from numerous gynaecological health problems and lack proper family planning. Concerning sterilisation and healthy sex, they have far less comprehension. In the area of urban health improvement initiatives, recovery services are carried out for homeless opioid abusers. There is also a provision for the same in the case of Bangladesh. Marie Stopes clinics are widely providing their service in Dhaka, as per the case report, CARE-Bangladesh, Aparajeyo Bangladesh, MSCS-mobile clinic service. Also, to keep them away from criminal activities such as unlawful drug trafficking, drug violence, prostitution, settling, snatching and more, the spectrum of education and jobs needs to be developed for street dwellers. This is not, however, being used properly by the street Welles and they are also reluctant about the service. Therefore, from this viewpoint, it can be mentioned that an active communication system should be used to investigate and include the target population. Also, the INCIDIN and Naz Male Foundation and ICDDR, B and Marie Stopes have set up satellite clinics for female street dwellers and are involved in disease control. This is, however, not being used properly by the street Welles and they are also reluctant about the service. From this viewpoint, it can therefore be suggested that an active communication system should be used to investigate and include the target population. Besides, the INCIDIN and Naz Male Foundation and ICDDR, B and Marie Stopes have founded satellite clinics for female street dwellers and are active in disease management. The Development Policy of the United Nations (UNDP) and a World Bank loan (IDA). The project worked in 400 panchayats in 29 administrative districts spread across the middle hill areas of the four regions of the country during the initial sentence covered here. The Development Policy of the United Nations (UNDP) and a World Bank (IDA) loan. The project worked in 400 panchayats in 29 administrative districts, distributed across the middle hill areas of the four regions of the country, during the initial sentence covered here. Likewise, Bangladesh can follow the same footstep.

Reference List for Ending Extreme Poverty in Bangladesh

Ahmad, M. (2015). Role of waqf in sustainable economic development and poverty alleviation: Bangladesh perspective. JL Pol'y & Globalization, 42, 118. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/jawpglob42&section=15

Funnell, S. C., & Rogers, P. J. (2011). Purposeful program theory: Effective use of theories of change and logic models (Vol. 31). John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=A9Iid1tcGwgC&oi=fnd&pg=PT10&dq=Funnell+and+Rogers&ots=ZsM4mjAJjU&sig=VyIawC8G98DK0Vw7djbh-Wj6ndU

Gabrielian, S., Bromley, E., Hellemann, G. S., Kern, R. S., Goldenson, N. I., Danley, M. E., & Young, A. S. (2015). Factors affecting exits from homelessness among persons with serious mental illness and substance use disorders. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 76(4), e469. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4620999/

Sarker, A. R., Sultana, M., Mahumud, R. A., Sheikh, N., Van Der Meer, R., & Morton, A. (2016). Prevalence and health care–seeking behavior for childhood diarrheal disease in Bangladesh. Global pediatric health, 3, 2333794X16680901. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2333794X16680901

Sen, B., & Ali, Z. (2017). Ending extreme poverty in Bangladesh: trends, drivers, and policies. Extreme Poverty, Growth, and Inequality in Bangladesh, 11-30. https://practicalactionpublishing.com/pdf/book/680/9781780449463.pdf#page=24

Sommer, M., Gruer, C., Smith, R. C., Maroko, A., & Hopper, K. (2020). Menstruation and homelessness: Challenges faced living in shelters and on the street in New York City. Health & Place, 66, 102431. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1353829220310923

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