Decision Making and Problem Solving

Table of Contents

Executive summary..

Aim of the research..

Management Problem faced by Nokia..

Research Objectives.

Research Purpose..

Research Background..

Research Questions.

Research Methodology..

Research Philosophy..

Research Hypothesis.

Sample Size and Sample Approach..

Data analysis and interpretation..

Research Resources.

Research Timeline..

Research Findings.

Conclusion..

Recommendations and Future study..

References.

Executive Summary of Nokia on The Slope

The study aims to establish the hypothesis from the past and present literature reviews from peered journals. The study shows the introduction of our aims of the research, objectives of the research, research purpose, and research background. The research also looks into the questions and hypotheses to explain and answer the research studies. The research methodology and sample study are also shown from secondary analysis such as literature review from peer-reviewed journals. The data interpretation and data analysis are collected from different sources of literature and articles. The research has a summary to explain what went wrong with Nokia's organizational culture and its failure to engage the customers. The report also ends with a conclusion and recommendation that might be required for future epistemological studies.

Aim of The Research 

The research aims to look into Nokia's past and present style of organizational structure and why it failed to achieve employee engagement and employee's job satisfaction. The aim is to review various sections of Nokia's hierarchy in the organization structure (Vuori and Huy, 2016). 

Management Problem Faced by Nokia

Management problem of Nokia was that top management was not listening to their subordinates as they only care about the sales promotion but rather they were neglecting the employees. The management problem is inefficient for the top management to communicate efficiently with the employees.

Research Objectives

  • To look into the autocratic organizational structure and the employees of Nokia.
  • To look into what are the changes that Nokia has made to shift from their autocratic domain to the democratic domain of organizational structure.
  • To understand why Nokia failed at their customer engagement 
  • To look into the reasons why the management was insufficient and ambiguous about the nature of organizational structure and hierarchy
  • To look into the present scenario of Nokia's organizational structure
  • To look to why Nokia proliferated in the markets of the 90s but now it lacks marketing skills and standards 

Research Purpose

In these century organizations have evolved to have a transformative and flat organizational structure rather than a bottom-up approach so that employees are engaged, motivated, and also their significance and say is valued in their esteemed organization (Wang et al., 2016).

The research purpose is to look into Nokia's failure to reach the sustainability of its organizational structure.

Research Background

The background is based on leadership, management, and organization structure. The effect of change management organizational structure has become more dominant. The research pinpoints the utility of Nokia. The company's failure and engagement. Nokia is still in the market but what are the chances that it made in the organization to look into the marketing strategies and customer engagement through change organizational structure (Sulphey, 2019).

Research Questions

  • Why did Nokia fail to meet the standards of customer engagement?
  • Why are leadership management and organization structure not well defined?
  • Is there any connection between organizational culture and the failure of customer engagement?
  • Are the reasons for Nokia's failure dependent on its organizational structure?
  • Were the employees satisfied with their top management?

Research Methodology of Nokia on The Slope

The research methodology used in the research is based on qualitative and quantitative analysis from other literature reviews. The methodology depends on the various informative, explanatory, and descriptive. The authors in their co-pilot studies have used various hypotheses to explain why Nokia was in the stage of proliferation and development in the 1990s but now it has been completely reduced to a cornerstone of the markets. This is indicative of many authors stating that Nokia failed at its organizational structure and the top supervision because of its autocratic nature and unconventional organization structure. The qualitative data collected is based on primary sources based on interviews, focussed group discussions, questionnaires, and face-to-face discussion (Ciesielska, 2018). The quantitative methodology is based on the secondary and primary data that were collected by researchers. And they have shown regression and statistical models based on the studies. The studies were co-pilot in nature and the authors mainly based their studies by taking a lot of data from the working nature of Nokia's past relationship in the market. The marketing research showed that Nokia's CEO and shareholders were busy making regulations and policies to determine Nokia's sale in the market but they failed to maintain the structure and coordination of their organization (Khan et al., 2017).

Research Philosophy

The philosophy of research is based on epistemology and ontological methods. The authors are mostly empiricism and interpretation in nature. The ontological studies show that Nokia has specialized in the sales and their infrastructural design in their engineers but they were unable to look into the organization during the early 21st century. But epistemological research studies have shown that slowly the company's organizational structure shifted to democratic nature (Lamberg, 2019).

The customer engagement failed as the company started facing stiff competition from other countries such as Samsung and Chinese models that are based on Lenovo, Oppo, and even Apple. These studies significantly reduced the organizational based approach to determine the failure of Nokia's organizational structure. Rather pointed out towards the correlation of sales engagement which leads to a decline in customer engagement. The employees were able to say that the agent systems were autocratic and the organization was breaking from inside. As the employees lacked job satisfaction, they did not get their incentives in the form of both financial and non-financial ways. So they started becoming clumsy and the customers were also not attracted to the models that were designed by smartphone engineers at Nokia (Wang and Zhou, 2019).

Research Hypothesis

H1: The employees' satisfaction and lack of job engagement of the organization structure failed to meet the customer standards

H2: The failure of the organization is because of their autocratic leadership management that was coherent in their organizational hierarchy

H3: The customer engagement required employee's amicable behaviour and explanation of the model, and help in the registration of the complaints.

H4: Nokia failed at their meet the organizational structure and was unable to meet the standards of the bottom approach 

H5: Nokia was unable to understand their customers.

Sample Size and Sample Approach

The sample size of the studies was vast and from different markets of both developed and developing countries. The sample approach systems were mostly simple random and they were able to include all the groups of people who were engaged with Nokia's company. The engineers, tip management, employees, and customers. The systematic research approach is not possible for these kinds of colouring studies as they fail to meet the people who are academicians and scholastic in nature. Most samples were more than 100 people to show randomized studies and show the importance of the spread of the study.

Data Analysis and Interpretation 

Nokia moved too slow comparing any other brands. It was the real pioneer in the cell phone market. By introducing consumers to the smartphone market these Symbian devices caused some trouble to the older phones at that time from 2002 to the next five years. According to Alex Spector if somebody looks at Samsung they have no existence in the market regarding mobile phones at that time Nokia was in the top position. Nokia gradually failed to compete with the iPhone, and its demand shifted to consumer demand. (Research Script International Journals: IJRE|IJREE|IJRCS|IJRME|IJMH | IJRE|IJREE|IJRCS|IJRME|IJMH, 2020) This Nokia phone had only some basic features with a snake game on it, consumers became bored to that, as the competitive market started to grow up consumers especially in developing markets joined with Nokia. And now Nokia has almost no existence.

 

One of the main reasons why Nokia failed in the market is they didn’t prove them as an innovator, they grew their business with only the old models which are available in the market for a long time. After 2002 the market for Nokia has drastically dropped down. It has not been done for the consumers to give them something unusual. According to Wayne Lambert, the company did not show any kind of faith in Windows phones until 2011. That’s the reason they were not able to catch up with the market smoothly and thus they are suffering till now. Nokia did not give any proper response to its market while Apple came into the market with its new strategy. As people are having strong reliability in the company, if Nokia could have used their product at that time they don’t need to face this kind of problem. (Sulphey, 2019)

 

Company’s background like leadership, management, and organization structure and their effect of change which reflects on their management system become a dominant thing to be considered. The company gradually started to fail in competition with all the other countries. They did not use any kind of methodology, they stuck with their plan but did not get success. All the customers gradually started to shift with other companies like Samsung, Apple, etc. The employees were able to say that the agent systems were autocratic and the organization was breaking from inside. The autocratic leadership is one of the reasons for failing leadership management, which was coherent with the organizational hierarchy. Nokia failed to meet the organizational structure and was unable to meet the standards of the bottom approach. They did not make their market strategy with a thorough perspective, so they didn’t even understand the consumer's demand.

Research Resources

To do the research, the researchers have used more than 20 research articles both old and new research to have comparative studies of the marketing research of Nokia. The research sources include desktops, laptops, smartphones, notebooks, and online journals and articles. There is a requirement of money to access some important journals. The high-speed internet is a great resource for propelling the research forward. There were also discussions with the peers and advisors to understand the topic and bring on simple data collections from previous data.

Research Timeline

Date 

Work accomplished

1/04/2020-7/04/2020

Research topic 

8/04/2020-14/04/2020

Research proposal 

15/04/2020-30/04/2020

Literature review for secondary sources of research methodology 

1/05/2020-14/05/2020

Research methodology and background

15/05/2020-30/05/2020

Data analysis and interpretation 

1/06/2020-14/06/2020

Summary of the research

15/06/2020-30/06/2020

Research conclusion

1/07/2020-15/07/2020

Recommendation for future studies

16/07/2020-30/07/2020

Submission of the first draft

1/08/2020-1/09/2020

Evaluation of 1st first draft

28/09/2020

Final submission

Research Findings

Nokia is a Finish company, and importantly it is one of the most well-populated companies in Finland. The name of the company is based on a small town in Finland called Nokia. This company started in 1865. This is a very old cell phone company which is 150 years old from now. This cell phone company has diversified with different products like the rubber company, and with the cable company, within some time the company has started to produce paper, rubber, consumer electronics, etc. Gradually the company has increased its business and become a large company but they were not very profitable though there was a good sale. Then they decided to go with only mobile design only. In between 1990 to 1995 everything changed and their sales gradually doubled. According to the research in the year 1998 'Nokia' was considered as the bestselling mobile company around the world. In the year of 2008, Nokia sold 472 million mobile phones. (Ciesielska, 2018) With the summary, it has been found that the 2008 Nokia market share was 38.6 per cent, but in 2018 Samsung Market share was 19 per cent. But since 2008 the inclined graph for Nokia gradually started to decrease. The market share goes down rapidly. (Lamberg, 2019) One of the main reason which is considered as the fall of Nokia, is since 2008 smartphone came into the market, and the company does not make any smartphone at that time, They were making that kind of mobile for the long two decades, and thus people make good faith on this brand and want to buy this model. According to the research, those phones were making their highest revenue at the lowest cost. But at that time smartphones just came into the market, more money, more research was required to get success in the market. Since the launch of the smartphone in 2007 by Apple people started to buy those phones for their business purposes. In the case of smartphones, operating systems are more important rather than any other thing. With only old phones, one can only listen to songs and make phone calls or some text but the operating system is important for smartphones. Comparing the operating system with other mobile phones Nokia's operating system was not good enough. At that moment apple demonstrated If there is a good design made consumers would gradually buy that mobile with a good price but Nokia stuck with its policy and never introduced a good solid structural android or smartphone. In this research, we also get to know that employees' satisfaction and lack of job engagement in the organization structure failed to meet customer standards. These studies significantly reduced the organizational based approach to determine the failure of Nokia's organizational structure. Rather pointed out towards the correlation of sales engagement which leads to a decline in customer engagement. Therefore Nokia was not able to identify its customers.

Conclusion on Nokia on The Slope

Nokia neglected to exploit the Android fleeting trend. At the point when cell phone makers were occupied with improving and chipping away at their cell phone portion, Nokia stayed difficult, and Samsung before long dispatched its Android telephone territory that was financially savvy and easy to use. The Nokia executives were under the feeling that individuals wouldn't acknowledge contact touch telephones and would proceed with the QWERTY keypad format. 

In the wake of understanding the market patterns, Nokia presented its Symbian Operating System. It was hard for the Symbian Operating System to make any advances. This is the most compelling motivation behind Nokia's defeat.

Recommendations and Future study

This confusion was the beginning of its defeat. Nokia never considered Android as headway and neither needed to embrace the Android working framework. Nokia is still in the market but what are the chances that they made in the organization to look into the marketing strategies. After going through several articles and research papers we get to know that Nokia is stuck with windows-based models with mobiles which is undoubtedly a great improvement but to make the organization much successful, the company needs to change its motive widely. They also need to reduce the weight of the mobile, the interface needs to be more friendly, and they should also start their phone while making an android phone too.

References for Nokia on The Slope

Ciesielska, M., 2018. Nokia on the slope: The failure of a hybrid open/closed source model. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 19(3), pp.218-225.

Ciesielska, M., 2018. Nokia on the slope: The failure of a hybrid open/closed source model. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 19(3), pp.218-225.

Khan, S.T., Raza, S.S., and George, S., 2017. Resistance to Change in Organizations: A Case of General Motors and Nokia. International Journal of Research in Management, Economics, and Commerce, 7(1), pp.16-25.

Lamberg, J.A., 2019. Ringtone: Exploring the rise and fall of Nokia in mobile phones.

Lamberg, J.A., 2019. Ringtone: Exploring the rise and fall of Nokia in mobile phones.

Researchscript.com. 2020. Research Script International Journals: IJRE|IJREE|IJRCS|IJRME|IJMH | IJRE|IJREE|IJRCS|IJRME|IJMH. [online] Available at: <http://www.researchscript.com> [Accessed 26 September 2020].

Sulfur, M.M., 2019. Could the Adoption of Organizational Ambidexterity Have Changed the History of Nokia?. South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases, 8(2), pp.167-181.

Sulphey, M.M., 2019. Could the Adoption of Organizational Ambidexterity Have Changed the History of Nokia?. South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases, 8(2), pp.167-181.

Vuori, T.O., and Huy, Q.N., 2016. Distributed attention and shared emotions in the innovation process: How Nokia lost the smartphone battle. Administrative Science Quarterly, 61(1), pp.9-51.

Wang, J., Hedman, J., and Tuunainen, V.K., 2016. Path creation, path dependence, and breaking away from the path: Re-examining the case of Nokia. Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research, 11(2), pp.16-27.

Wang, S., and Zhou, X., 2019. New Insights into Organization Structure and Business Process: An Integrative Point of View. Open Journal of Business and Management, 7(04), p.1953.

Youtube.com. 2020. Youtube. [online] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/> [Accessed 26 September 2020].

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