• Subject Name : Health and Safety

Cognitive and Social Changes

Introduction to Adolescence

Adolescence is known to be a period where there is huge psychological as well as societal growth of the children. It is a phase in the life of a child, when the parents will observe a transition in the manner in which a child is communicating with the members of his family, his friends as well as class-mates. However, the psychological and societal growth is unique for every other child. Every child has a different group of inherited cells, different patterns of mental growth, they grow in a different atmosphere, encounter different feelings with family and friends, societal and cultural development (Kilford et al., 2016). Furthermore, societal and psychological changes demonstrate that a child is developing individual personality as well as gaining knowledge to develop as a matured person.

The main purpose of this essay is to discuss such kinds of a transformation and the influence it creates on the wellbeing of the teenager.

In the adolescence phase one can observe that a child is in quest of gaining recognition for themselves. It has been determined that youths of today are highly engrossed in terms of determining that the person they are and the position they are holding in this world (Brooks et al., 2015) . However, such type of a quest can be affected by the sex, friends group, culture-based settings, channels, schooling as well as by the means of supposition of the adolescent child. Also, it has been determined that a child who has entered the adolescence phase is mostly looking for a higher level of freedom that has the potential to create an impact on any kind of a resolution the particular teenager is making. Furthermore, it even creates an impact on the connection that a particular teenager maintains with his peers as well as family. It is at this phase only when the teenagers demand for a higher level of accountability in the surrounding of their family as well as in the presence of teachers and class-mates. In terms of the social transformation a child who has entered the adolescence phase will be usually in search of new encounters.

The attributes of the brain growth in a teenager implies that they are looking for latest exposures and hence they involve themselves in more risky attitudes. However, they are still in the course of controlling against their instinct. Furthermore, it is at this phase of a life that a child begins to analyze the appropriate and wrong aspects of a particular action and they will also tend to build a powerful group of personal beliefs as well as ethics. At this point only a teenager understands that they are accountable for their own conduct in their life. Also, they are accountable for the different resolutions they are taking and the outcome of those resolutions. In this phase, a child gets inquisitive in nature and is in a position to ask a greater number of questions. Hence, it is significant for the parents to give the right demonstration of good and bad to their child to frame the meaning of right and wrong in them. During the adolescent phase only a teengar, a child is highly impacted by the actions of their peers and frames their attitude accordingly. They tend to understand the meaning of their individuality as well self respect. Also, a teenager starts exploring their sexual personality and will begin to engage in loving connections (Tarokh et al., 2016) . Finally, a teenager is also determined to engage communication in a manner that is distinct from the way in which they communicated before. The usage of internet services, mobile phones and social networking platforms creates a huge impact on the way in which a teenager interacts with their peers and grasps knowledge about different things across the globe.

Apart from developing from the social point of view, a child who has reached the phase of adolescence tends to show development in terms of their psychology or even emotions (Ovsyanik et al., 2016). At this phase, a child who has become a teenager tends to showcase powerful sentiments as well as passion at every moment. The frame of mind of a teenager can’t also be predicted as they are always confused. A teenager also suffers from hormonal disbalances due to which they are sometimes happy and sometimes sad, paving way for a great level of their disputes with others (Curtis, 2015) . This main cause of such behavior is that those children who have entered the adolescence phase are gradually making themselves prepared mentally for the way in which they can manage the ups and downs in their behavior like any other matured person. It is at this phase of life that a teenager is very much reactive towards any kind of a sensation. It has been determined that as a youth tends to get old, they become more effective in terms of understanding the feelings of other individuals. However, in the course of building these competencies, a teenager can even misinterpret the emotions as well as the minds of others (Wartella et al., 2016).

Furthermore, it is at this point of time only that a teenager becomes highly aware of themselves, mostly about their looks as well as the various developments they are undergoing. The looks of an adolescent child tend to create a major impact on the level of self-confidence he or she possesses. Also, a teenager’s own perspective in terms of their appearance creates an impact on the level of their confidence. In this regard, it has been determined that as a child proceeds in their adolescent phase, they begin to relate their bodily development with that of their class-mates as well as their friends (Gentina et al., 2017). Finally, it is at this point of time that an adolescent child passes over an invulnerable phase of reflecting and functioning in the context that no negative happenings will take place with him. The capability to make a resolution is also in the process of evolving at this phase of adolescence, wherein a teenager is on the verge of understanding the outcome of a specific act.

Both the cognitive as well as the social changes that are occurring in the adolescent phase, tends to create a major impact on their health as well. There are numerous ways in which a teenager chases a development in their illness stress in their journey of them being a child to that of being an adult. For instance, the rise in the age leads to genitive or even fertility related health problems. Also, it paves way for psychological sickness, bruises or trauma. Other health-related issues that take place in the adolescent phase of a child consist of material use disbalances, mental problems as well as emotional problems (Hurrelmann et al., 2015). This depicts the organic transformation of the children to their adoloscence as well as the societal conditions in which the youths are gradually developing into an adult. Furthermore, there is rising proof of the high level of contagious illness among teenagers like that of the schistosomiasis that can easily emerge from the every-day functioning of the life of a teenager (Yonker et al., 2015). The various different health related issues that emerge in the puberty phase of a child tends to create a huge impact both on the current and upcoming well-being and growth-related issues.

For instance, if a person consumes alcohol and suffers from overweight issues in his or her phase of initial puberty tends to pose a negative impact on their growth in that particular stage of their life. Moreover, if the teenagers continue to consume alcohol as well as be obese even in the later phase of their life, they have a high chance of creating a negative impact on the health of the public as a whole (Rickwood et al., 2015). The journey of a person from their later phase of childhood to being an adult, often consists of numerous negative resolutions related to the way in which they are leading their life, this tends to create a huge impact on the health of a teenager (Liberska et al., 2016). Also, it has been determined that people in their adolescence phase often embrace criminal attributes that even have the potential to create a negative effect on their own health (Harding et al., 2015). Moreover, creating new relationships as well as building identification for themselves is considered to be healthy growth in the life of a teenager. Hence, if a teenager is communicating with someone beyond their family, they will gradually acquire an understanding about the way in which they can manage healthy connections in various different conditions.

Conclusion on Cognitive and Social Changes

All teenagers show development at a different speed in terms of reflecting in a more complicated manner. Each of the teenagers has their own perception of the world around them. There are few teenagers who concentrate on applying their meaningful thinking process in terms of their education and there are the others who use the same meaningful thinking process in terms of their personal issues. Hence, due amount of consideration should be given towards regulating the way of living of a teenager and the kind of people they are interacting with as this will influence their standard of living forcing them to consume alcohol or even get involved in criminal activities, that will also create an negative influence on their health.

References for Cognitive and Social Changes

Kilford, E. J., Garrett, E., & Blakemore, S. J. (2016). The development of social cognition in adolescence: An integrated perspective. Retrieved from Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 70, 106-120. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S014976341630183X

Brooks, S., & Longstreet, P. (2015). Social networking’s peril: Cognitive absorption, social networking usage, and depression. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 9(4). Retrieved from https://cyberpsychology.eu/article/view/6094

Tarokh, L., Saletin, J. M., & Carskadon, M. A. (2016). Sleep in adolescence: Physiology, cognition and mental health. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 70, 182. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5074885/

Ovsyanik, O. A., Belinskaya, D. B., Kochetkov, I. G., & Deberdeeva, N. A. (2016). Specific Features of Value Orientations and Social Mindsets of Deviant Teenagers. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(18), 12327-12336. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1123249

Wartella, E., Rideout, V., Montague, H., Beaudoin-Ryan, L., & Lauricella, A. (2016). Teens, health and technology: A national survey. Media and communication, 4(3), 13-23. Retrieved from https://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/515

Gentina, E., Tang, T. L. P., & Gu, Q. (2017). Does bad company corrupt good morals? Social bonding and academic cheating among French and Chinese teens. Journal of Business Ethics, 146(3), 639-667. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-015-2939-z

Yonker, L. M., Zan, S., Scirica, C. V., Jethwani, K., & Kinane, T. B. (2015). “Friending” teens: systematic review of social media in adolescent and young adult health care. Journal of medical Internet research, 17(1), e4. Retrieved from https://www.jmir.org/2015/1/e4/

Rickwood, D. J., Mazzer, K. R., & Telford, N. R. (2015). Social influences on seeking help from mental health services, in-person and online, during adolescence and young adulthood. BMC psychiatry, 15(1), 40. Retrieved from https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-015-0429-6

Harding, S. K., Page, A. S., Falconer, C., & Cooper, A. R. (2015). Longitudinal changes in sedentary time and physical activity during adolescence. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 12(1), 44. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12966-015-0204-6

Hurrelmann, K., & Quenzel, G. (2015). Lost in transition: status insecurity and inconsistency as hallmarks of modern adolescence. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 20(3), 261-270. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02673843.2013.785440

Curtis, A. C. (2015). Defining adolescence. Journal of Adolescent and Family Health, 7(2), 2.

Liberska, H., & Boniecka, K. (2016). Health behaviours and body image of girls in the second phase of adolescence. Health Psychology Report, 4(4), 287-293. 

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