Research Preparation: Principles and Approaches

I appreciate the time and energy devoted by Faith in presenting how different philosophical worldviews can impact the design of a research project pertaining to the analysis of the recovery of the air travel industry post the COVID-19 period. In her study, Faith showed how individuals with different philosophies will use different reach approach. She has emphasized the quantitative, qualitative, and mixed and practice-driven approach. She has indicated the methodology that can be used and has not emphasized on the intended findings.

Although my peer has touched upon all the four approaches and concluded that the different views associated with positivism, constructivism, transformative, and pragmatic will favor varied approaches. However, certain aspects are not clear and need more elucidation. Also, no emphasis is given on the assumptions pertaining to studies discussed in her paper.

Post-positivist researches are based on the assumptions that the research methodology that can be applied to a certain study must be chosen on the basis of the research question being asked (Wildermuth, 2015). Pragmatism approach does not remain limited to just one system of philosophy, or reality. They consider what and how to perform a research basis the consequences that they are expecting (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).Constructivist worldview emphasises that the individuals develop subjective association with their experiences (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).The Transformative researchers believe in using a program theory and try to establish a relationship between political and social actions specifically on inequities (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).

The quantitative research methods are suitable when there is a need for factual data to address the research question, especially when the variables are defined and can be linked to each other so that the hypothesis can be formed (Hammarberg, Kirkman & Lacey, 2016). She has aptly selected the two variables to frame the question and wanted to indicate the relation between the COVID-19 and the frequency of air travel.

The research question associated with is, 'What can be done to change the current views of air travel as being of high risk' is vague when the qualitative research aspect is discussed. Since the qualitative research aspect is associated more with interpretation and hence is more effective in providing meaning to the variables (Creswell & Creswell, 2018).

The mixed-method research design incorporates a combination of two qualitative as well as quantitative streams (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). My peer has included two aspects one entailing to quantitative approach and the other is of the qualitative approach. In order to use, Faith has rightfully emphasized the collection of both types of data and then analyze them individually before coming to a solution.

The practice-led research approach is associated with the imbibing of the creative elements either practice, method, or output in designing the research (Smith & Dean, 2009). The approach is quite flexible; in this type of approach, the components are independent but tend to correlate to address the issue (Smith & Dean, 2009). The variables used by the researcher can be easily quantified and is more associated with the quantitative approach rather than the practice-led stream.

Reference for Qualitative Research Methods

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (Fifth edition. ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Hammarberg, K., Kirkaman, M. & Lacey, D.S. (2016). Qualitative research methods: When to use them and how to judge them. Human Reproduction, 31(3), 495-501 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev334

Smith, H., & Dean, R. T. (2009). Practice-led research, research-led practice in the creative arts. Edinburgh University Press.

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